Which document specifies a person's wishes regarding end-of-life medical care?

The advance directive, often referred to as a living will, is a legal document that outlines a person's preferences regarding medical treatment and end-of-life care. It serves as a guide for healthcare providers and family members to understand and respect the individual's wishes when they are unable to communicate those choices themselves, particularly in critical situations.

This document may specify preferences for various types of medical interventions, such as resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, or feeding tubes. It ensures that a person's values and wishes are honored in difficult circumstances and can alleviate the burden on loved ones who may otherwise have to make these challenging decisions without guidance.

The other options, while related to legal and healthcare matters, do not specifically address end-of-life medical care wishes. A last will and testament generally focuses on the distribution of a person's assets after death, a power of attorney grants someone the authority to make decisions on behalf of another, but not exclusively about healthcare wishes, and a health insurance policy pertains to coverage and financial aspects of medical care rather than the specifics of treatment preferences.